Devices, systems and methods for precise human head positioning

ABSTRACT

The present disclosure provides for devices, systems and methods for precise human head positioning in space. The present disclosure provides for control of precise human head positioning in space with use of drawing lines generated via a facial recognition computer software and positioning of sensors with permanent identification markings onto the human head according to those markings.

BACKGROUND Field

The present disclosure relates generally to head and/or humanpositioning systems and, in particular, to devices, systems and methodsfor precise human head positioning in space.

Description of the Related Art

There are numerous industrial applications requiring constant andrepeated head positioning and repositioning, as well as positioning andrepositioning of the headgear sensor system on the head.

Once such application is for medical use. Procedures which involvesurgery, radiation or diagnostic imaging procedures performed on thebrain, intracranial, or cervical-cranial structures are especiallyhazardous for the patient, because of the extreme sensitivity of braintissues, the difficulty in identifying and accessing the particularportion of the brain upon which a procedure is to be performed, and thedanger of damaging brain tissues which overlie or surround the portionupon which the procedure is to be performed. The desire for preciselylocating and accessing interior portions of the brain and otherintracranial structures have led to the development of the neurosurgicalsubspecialty of stereotactic surgery, or “stereotaxis.”

Stereotaxis ordinarily involves the use of an external apparatusattached to the patient's skull during presurgical diagnostic proceduresand during surgical procedures. The apparatus provides a grid orframework in fixed position relative to the patient's skull that may beused to establish a coordinate system for locating, in a reproduciblemanner, the precise position of a lesion or other area within theintracranial area.

However, it is a challenge to control head's position in space and toplace and replace a headgear with sensors onto a human head withrepeatability, precision, predictability, user friendliness, costeffectiveness, short time consumption and ease.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure provides for devices, systems and methods forprecise human head positioning in space. The present disclosure providesfor control of precise human head positioning in space with use of linedrawings generated via a facial recognition computer software andpositioning of sensors, with permanent identification markings, onto thehuman head according to those markings.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method forpositioning a human head includes imaging of a face of a human head withat least one imaging device; generating at least one vertical facialline and at least two horizontal facial lines to be disposed on theimage of the face, the at least one vertical facial line and the atleast two horizontal facial lines based on facial markings of the face;aligning the human head such that the at least one vertical facial lineis aligned with a generated vertical screen line and each of the atleast two horizontal facial lines are aligned with a generatedhorizontal screen line; storing the alignment as a baseline; andrepositioning the human head to a desired position.

In one aspect, the generating at least one vertical facial line and atleast two horizontal facial lines includes identifying the facialmarkings on the human head using at least one facial recognitionapplication as key points, and connecting the key points to draw the atleast one vertical facial line and at least two horizontal facial lines.

In another aspect, the at least one facial recognition applicationincludes a convolutional neural network.

In a further aspect, the generated vertical and horizontal screen linesrepresent a 90 degrees face to imaging device location.

In another aspect, a lower line of the aligned at least two horizontalfacial lines and generated horizontal screen lines is stored as adefault pitch line.

In yet another aspect, the default pitch line is broken into twosegments at the at least one vertical facial line.

In still another aspect, the aligning the human head includes aligningthe two segments of the default pitch line to be parallel to an upperline of the two horizontal facial lines.

In a further aspect, the default pitch line is normalized to compensatefor differences of facial architecture of the human head.

In one aspect, each segment of the two segments of the default pitchline is drawn connecting identified facial markings disposed at a tip ofa nose of the face and at least one point on a perimeter of the face.

In another aspect, the at least one vertical facial line is drawnconnecting identified facial markings disposed vertically along a centerof a nose of the face.

In a further aspect, a yaw angle of the human head is determined fromthe at least one vertical facial line and the generated vertical screenline.

In yet another aspect, an upper of the at least two horizontal faciallines is drawn connecting identified facial markings disposed atopposite ends of a brow line of the face.

In one aspect, a roll angle of the human head is determined from theupper of the at least two horizontal facial lines and the generatedhorizontal screen line.

In another aspect, the method further includes storing coordinatesassociated to the alignment of the repositioned human head at a firstpoint in time and repositioning the human head according to the storedcoordinates at a second point in time.

In yet another aspect, the methods further includes disposing a headgear on the human head, the head gear including a center markingindicating the center of the head gear and an edge marking; aligning thecenter marking of the head gear to the least one aligned vertical line;aligning the edge marking of the head gear to at least one of thealigned horizontal lines; and storing the alignment of the head gear tothe human head.

In still another aspect, the method further includes storing coordinatesassociated to the alignment of the repositioned human head at a firstpoint in time and transferring the stored coordinates to at least onesensor coupled to at least one body part.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a system forpositioning of a human head includes at least one imaging device thatimages a face of a human head; at least one processing device thatgenerates at least one vertical facial line and at least two horizontalfacial lines to be disposed on the image of the face via a displaydevice, the at least one vertical facial line and the at least twohorizontal facial lines based on facial markings of the face; thedisplay device that enables alignment of the human head such that the atleast one vertical facial line is aligned with a generated verticalscreen line and each of the at least two horizontal facial lines arealigned with a generated horizontal screen line; and at least one memorythat stores the alignment as a baseline, wherein upon repositioning thehuman head to a desired position, the at least one processing devicecontinuously updates the at least one vertical facial line and the atleast two horizontal facial lines based on facial markings of the face.

In a further aspect, the at least one processing device executes atleast one facial recognition function for identifying the facialmarkings on the face as key points and connects the key points to drawthe at least one vertical facial line and the at least two horizontalfacial lines.

In one aspect, the at least one facial recognition function includes aconvolutional neural network.

In a further aspect, the system further includes a head gear configuredto be disposed on the human head, the head gear including a centermarking indicating the center of the head gear and an edge marking,wherein the display device enables alignment of the center marking ofthe head gear to the least one aligned vertical line and alignment ofthe edge marking of the head gear to at least one of the alignedhorizontal lines; and upon alignment, the at least one processing devicestores the alignment of the head gear to the human head in the at leastone memory device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and other objects, features and advantages of the presentdisclosure will be apparent from a consideration of the followingDetailed Description considered in conjunction with the drawing Figures,in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates facial lines and screen lines positioned on an imageof a face in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 illustrates desired positioning of screen lines on an image of aface in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is an exemplary headgear employed in a positioning system inaccordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is an exemplary head holder employed in a positioning system inaccordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 illustrates initial positioning of screen lines with a normalizedpitch angle on an image of a head in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present disclosure;

FIG. 6 illustrates default pitch line positioning with a normalizedpitch angle in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 illustrates repositioning of headgear with a normalized pitchangle in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 illustrates correct lateral movement of a head to the left beforemouth opening in accordance with an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 9 illustrates correct lateral movement of a head to the rightbefore mouth opening in accordance with an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 10 illustrates deviation in pitch between generated lines and headposition in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a positioning system in accordance with anembodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of an exemplary computing device inaccordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 13 illustrates facial key point mapping to calculate yaw, pitch androll of a face in accordance with an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 14 illustrates a frame of reference to calculate a pitch angle of aface in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 15 illustrates a method for generating a vertical facial line inaccordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 16 illustrates a method for generating an upper horizontal facialline in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 17 illustrates movement of an upper horizontal facial line by auser-defined value in accordance with an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 18 illustrates a method for generating a lower horizontal facialline or pitch line in accordance with an embodiment of the presentdisclosure; and

FIG. 19 illustrates a method for normalizing the lower horizontal facialline or pitch line shown in FIG. 18 in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described herein belowwith reference to the accompanying drawings. In the followingdescription, well-known functions or constructions are not described indetail to avoid obscuring the present disclosure in unnecessary detail.The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example,instance, or illustration.” Any configuration or design described hereinas “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred oradvantageous over other configurations or designs. Herein, the phrase“coupled” is defined to mean directly connected to or indirectlyconnected with through one or more intermediate components. Suchintermediate components may include both hardware and software-basedcomponents.

It is further noted that, unless indicated otherwise, all functionsdescribed herein may be performed in either hardware or software, orsome combination thereof. In one embodiment, however, the functions areperformed by at least one processor, such as a computer or an electronicdata processor, digital signal processor or embedded micro-controller,in accordance with code, such as computer program code, software, and/orintegrated circuits that are coded to perform such functions, unlessindicated otherwise.

It should be appreciated that the present disclosure can be implementedin numerous ways, including as a process, an apparatus, a system, adevice, a method, or a computer readable medium such as a computerreadable storage medium or a computer network where program instructionsare sent over optical or electronic communication links.

Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described herein belowwith reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present disclosure relates to a system and method of orientating ahuman head utilizing an imaging device, e.g., a camera device, whichallows control of the head's positioning with computer-generated linesdisposed on an image of the face (e.g., the lines being generated viafacial recognition software) while moving the patient's head.Furthermore, the present disclosure relates to the use of thecomputer-generated lines that are based on computer-identified facialmarkings that relate to facial lines of a human head and linesidentified on a headgear sensor allowing precise and controllablepositioning of the headgear sensor on the head.

The present disclosure provides for positioning of a head and/orheadgear with the use of computer facial recognition software. Thecomputer facial recognition software identifies special facial markingsand generates visible lines on a display device, such as a computerscreen, on the facial image thereby allowing precise controllablepositioning and repeatable repositioning of the head with respect to animaging device, e.g., camera device or an object with a camera device.Additionally, the present disclosure enables precise, controllable andrepeatable positioning of headgear with permanent markings, or aheadband object, and the head relative to these facial lines.

The computer-generated lines employed by the systems and methods of thepresent disclosure will be described initially to facilitateunderstanding of the present disclosure. There are two types ofcomputer-generated lines employed in the system and method of thepresent disclosure: 1.) screen lines and 2.) facial lines. Referring toFIGS. 1 and 2 , the screen lines and facial lines will be described.

Screen Vertical Line 1 is a vertical line showing the center positionprojected by the imaging device to locate where the 90-degree object tocamera location is drawn on a computer screen vertically. FacialVertical Line 2 is illustrated in the center of the face and isrepresented by the line drawn from certain markings found on the face,as will be described below in relation to FIGS. 13 and 14 . Upper FacialHorizontal Line 3 is illustrated on the forehead and is represented by aline drawn from certain markings identified on the face. Upper ScreenHorizontal Line 4 is illustrated on the forehead and is projected by theimaging device to show the 90-degree location respective to the cameradevice projected horizontally. Lower Screen Horizontal Line 5 isillustrated on the screen below the Upper Screen Horizontal Line 4. TheLower Screen Horizontal Line 5 is the line that represents the locationat which point a Default Pitch Line will be marked once the 90-degreelocation of the face to the imaging device is obtained and baselinepitch orientation is satisfied and saved. The Lower Facial HorizontalLine 6, after coinciding with the Lower Screen Horizontal Line 5 tobecome Single Horizontal Line 9 will also be known as the Default PitchLine, is illustrated on the facial image below the Upper FacialHorizontal Line 4 and is represented by a line produced by the softwaretaken from facial markings.

Single Horizontal Line 9 becomes Default Pitch Line 9 on the samelocation where Lower Facial Horizontal Line 6 is located at the momentof registering the default pitch angle. In FIG. 2 , the Pitch Line shownis a normalized line, as will be explained in more detail below.

Once the 90 degree face/object to imaging device is attained the head ispositioned into a Default Pitch Angle at the desirable pitch positionusing either electronic sensors or other means (e.g., data from pixels),and the facial image markings are recorded with the Default Pitch Angle(normalized, see below). The Default Pitch Angle extends from the pointof and coincides with the Lower Facial Horizontal Line 6 and LowerScreen Horizontal Line 5 which can be broken into two lines extendingfrom Facial Vertical Line 2 in the middle of the facial image, as shownand described in relation to FIG. 5 . When there is a positive or anegative pitch angle, the operator sees an angle breaking the DefaultPitch Angle Line 9 into two lines 24 as shown in FIG. 5 . When theDefault Pitch Angle value is at ZERO it becomes linear in relation tothe operator and the patient as shown in FIG. 6 Line 29.

Referring to FIG. 11 , a positioning system 1100 in accordance with anembodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. The system 1100includes at least one imaging device 1102, a headgear sensor system1104, a head holder 1105 and a computing device 1106. It is to beappreciated that the imaging device 1102 may be a camera device, videocamera, tablet, mobile device such as a mobile phone, etc. Details ofthe computing device 1106 will be described below in relation to FIG. 12, however, it is to be appreciated that the computing device 1106includes input/output devices such as a display device 1108 (e.g., amonitor, touchscreen, etc.), a keyboard 1110, a mouse 1112 and at leastone speaker. It is further to be appreciated that the computing device1106 may be a single device that includes an imaging device, a displaydevice and input/output devices.

Referring to FIG. 3 , a headgear sensor system 1104 is illustrated. Anexemplary headgear sensor system is commercially available from KeelerUSA of Malvern, PA. Headgear 1104 includes a support portion 1140 whichis to be placed on the top of a head and supports other components ofthe headgear 1104 on the head. Additionally, the headgear 1104 includesat least one strap 1142 which secures the headgear 1104 to a head. It isto be appreciated that any headgear, or any strap, may be used with thesystem and method of the present disclosure as long as the headgearincludes at least two permanent markings. Headgear 1104 includes acenter marking 10 which is a vertical line located on the headgear 1104representing an exact center of the headgear device and an edge marking11, which is located on the front of the headgear's strap 1142 and isrepresented by a line at the lower edge of the strap 1142.

Stability during positioning of the head in front of the imaging device1102 is obtained with use of an accessory stationary device such HeadHolder 1105. The Head Holder device 1105 is used to position the head tothe desired initial position. Referring to FIG. 4 , the head holder 1105includes a Horizontal Shelf 12, on which the head is positioned next tothe imaging device 1102 for the first time. The horizontal shelf 12 maybe moved up and down to accommodate different heights in respect to theimaging device 1102. The location of the horizontal shelf 12 may berecorded in each instance for future reference in case repositioning ofthe Headgear Sensor System 1104 is necessary. The patient's lower jawduring the methods and procedures of the present disclosure is to befully engaged with its chin with the Horizontal Shelf 12. The HorizontalShelf 12 has a Chin Rest 13 where the patient's chin is positionedduring the procedure. The method of the present disclosure may utilize ahead holder device to navigate to a desired head's position.

Optionally, the Head Holder device 1105 is an electrically powereddevice that uses an electrical plug 14 for an electrical socket and acontrol unit 15 for motors 16 on both sides to move the Horizontal Shelf12 upwards and downwards through threaded rods 17 on both sides, one foreach motor, as needed. The Head Holder system 1105 uses verticaldirectional rods 18 that limit movement up and down and bearings 19. TheHead Holder System 1105 has adjustable four legs 20 that allowpositioning of the Head Holder System 1105 on a surface such as, but notlimited to, a desk. In certain embodiments, the head holder system 1105is coupled to the computing device 1106 where the computing device 1106controls the height of the Upper Horizontal Shelf 12 by transmittingsignals to the control unit 15 and motors 16.

The system and method of the present disclosure may be used, forexample, to position the image of the face, or in this context, the headwithout any angular distortion, as in a particular task. The presentdisclosure solves the issue of positioning the same way with any XYZcoordinates. In this example, the basic goal of obtainment of freeangular image distortion is to position an object (e.g., a face)orthogonally, at 90-degree angle to the imaging device. This positionattains zero angular distortion. With this method, clean undistorteddefault data of initial positioning of any head position may be recordedand controlled for future precise repositioning, for a purpose, as anexample, to control of angular optical distortion while imaging isperformed.

Initially, the Pitch Angle is registered as ZERO at the time when thehead is in the Head Holder 1105 at accepted spatial head to imagingdevice relationship and is recorded as the default position (i.e., 90degree to the camera device) and with acceptable pitch. As shown in FIG.2 , the zero pitch angle is registered when the position of the head issuch that Facial Vertical Line 2 and Screen Vertical Line 1 are moved tocreate one Single Vertical Line 7, the Upper Facial Horizontal Line 3and Upper Screen Horizontal Line 4 are moved to create one Upper SingleHorizontal Line 8 and the Lower Facial Horizontal Line 6 and LowerScreen Horizontal Line 5 coincide together into Single Horizontal Line9. Once an operator of system 1100 is satisfied with the pitch of thehead's positioning in respect to the imaging device 1102, the record issaved as Baseline Zero in a memory of the computing device 1106. Oncethe zero pitch angle is saved, the Single Horizontal Line 9 becomesDefault Pitch Line 9.

After achieving the 90-degree face to camera positioning, the system mayalert the operator with a signal or visual effects seen on the computerscreen 1108 allowing the operator to understand that desired positioningis obtained. For example, as a head is moved within the imaging space,the computing device 1106 may generate a sound (to be played by aspeaker) that the facial lines generated are either aligned with thescreen lines or are close to be aligned. In one embodiment, thegenerated sound will change pitch or tone as the head comes closer toalignment and then generate a different, distinct sound when the head isat an acceptable pitch angle, or at pitch angle zero.

Operating Procedure

A person being studied is seated in front of the imaging device 1102with his head positioned on the Head Holder device 1105. The personrests his/her lower jaw fully engaged against the Horizontal Shelf 12 ofthe Head Holder 1105.

The facial and screen lines are then generated by the computing device1106 executing facial recognition software. In one embodiment, theoperator is able to see in different respective colors the Facial Linesand the Screen Lines for identification. There is a Facial Vertical Linegenerated from the facial markings and a Screen Vertical Line showingwhere the 90-degree location of Facial Vertical Line respective to thecamera device should be to position patient's head at 90 degrees to thecamera device (for example, to have no angular optical distortions).There are four Horizontal Lines crossing said respective vertical linesat two distinct, upper or lower levels: Upper Facial and Lower FacialHorizontal Lines, all generated via data gathered from facial markings,and Upper Screen and Lower Screen Horizontal Lines projecting where theface with respective Facial Horizontal Lines must be in order to be at90-degree-to-camera position.

An exemplary method for identifying facial key points and generatinglines from the identified facial points will now be described inrelation to FIGS. 13-19 .

The system calculates yaw, pitch and roll for a face in view from acamera by using simple geometry drawn by using facial key point mappingas shown in FIG. 13 . Referring to FIG. 14 , an example frame ofreference is illustrated to facilitate understanding of the values andlines explained below in Table 1. It is to be appreciated that valuesalong the x-axis refer to img-width and values along the y-axis refer toimg-height. For example, point 1402 is a pixel located at (0,0), i.e.,x=0 and y=0, point 1404 is a pixel located at (18,6), i.e., x=18 andy=6, and point 1406 is a pixel located at (6,13), i.e., x=6 and y=13. InTable 1 below, it is to be appreciated that the lines described incolumn 2 are generated using point 1 as described in column 3 and point2 as described in column 4, where Pn(x) refers to the x pixel value forfacial point “n” and Pn(y) refers to the y pixel value for facial point“n”.

TABLE 1 N Line Point 1 Point 2  1 Computer Vertical Line (P18(x) +P27(x))/2, 0 (P18(x) + P27(x))/2, (1306 FIG. 13) img-height  2 ComputerHorizontal Line 0, (P18(y) + P27(y))/2 − Img_width, (P18(y) + (1308 FIG.13) distance * Alpha Value P27(y))/2 − distance * Alpha Value  3 FacialVertical Line [P28(x) − (P31(x) − [P28(x) − (P31(x) − P28(x))/ (1302FIG. 15 & FIG. 13 P28(x))/P31(y) − P31(y) − P28(y)) * P28(y)) * P28(y)],0 (P28(y) − img-height)], img-height  4 Facial Horizontal Line 0,[P18(y) - (P27(y) − Img_width, [P18(y) − (1702 FIG. 17 & P18(y))/P27(x)− (P27(y) − P18(y))/P27(x) − 1304 FIG. 13) P18(x)) * P18(x)] − P18(x)) *(P18(x) − img- distance * Alpha Value width)] − distance * Alpha Value 5 Pitch Line Not P3(x), P3(y) P34(x), P34(y) Normalized (Jaw to Nose)(1802-1 FIG. 18)  6 Pitch Line not P34(x), P34(y) P15(x), P15(y)Normalized (Nose to Jaw) (1802-2 FIG. 18)  7 Lower face horizontalP3(x), P34(y) P15(x), P34(y) line Not Normalized (1804 FIG. 18)  8 PitchLine Normalized P3(x), P3(y) P34(x), P34(y) − (Jaw to Nose) (1802-1base_line_pitch_delta FIG. 19)  9 Pitch Line Normalized P34(x), P34(y) −P15(x), P15(y) (Nose to Jaw) (1802-2 base_line_pitch_delta FIG. 19) 10Lower face horizontal P3(x), P34(y) − P15(x), P34(y) − line (Normalized)(1804 base_line_pitch_delta base_line_pitch_delta FIG. 19) “*” meansmultiply “−” means minus “x, y” order within which the coordinates arespecified

Initially, a convolutional neural network is employed to detect facialkey points of a face in an image, e.g., points 1-68 shown in FIG. 13 .It is to be appreciated that the facial key points may be used to drawor generate reference lines on the image, for example, a virtualheadband. Next, a line 1302 perpendicular to the face is drawn using keypoints 28, 29, 30 and 31 on a nose of the head, i.e., points 28, 29 30and 31 are disposed vertically along a nose of the head. Referring toFIG. 15 , this line 1302 is extended vertically to the end of the frameof the image, where endpoints 1502 and 1504 are defined by theparameters shown in FIG. 15 . It is to be appreciated that line 1302,shown FIGS. 13 and 15 , is facial vertical line 2 shown in FIG. 1 .Next, a line 1304 horizontal to the face between key points 18 and 27 isdrawn, i.e., 18 and 27 points are approximately on the ends of a browline of a face. Referring to FIG. 16 , this line 1304 is extendedhorizontally to the end of the frame of the image, where endpoints 1602and 1604 are defined by the parameters shown in FIG. 16 . It is to beappreciated that line 1304, shown in FIGS. 13 and 16 , is upper facialhorizontal line 3 shown in FIG. 1 . Referring to FIG. 17 , line 1304 maybe shifted upward by a user-defined value, e.g., an alpha value, so line1304 may be aligned with a head gear, as will be explained in moredetail below.

A line perpendicular 1306 to the camera and a line horizontal 1308 tothe camera making reference coordinates is drawn which always passesfrom the point of intersection between upper face horizontal line 1304and upper face vertical line 1302. It is to be appreciated that line1306 is screen vertical line 1 and line 1308 is upper screen horizontalline 4 shown in FIG. 1 . This intersection point is approximately on thecenter of the forehead. Using these four lines, the roll angle and theyaw angle of the face in the image frame can be calculated. For example,yaw angle may be determined from line 1302 and 1306 and roll angle maybe determined from line 1304 and 1308, as shown in FIG. 13 .

As the pitch angle is captured by motion in the third axis (i.e., depth)which can not directly be calculated by a simple two-dimensional (2D)camera, an adjustment is employed to calculate pitch. First, a line 1802is drawn between the points 3, 34 and 34,15, and then, a line 1804horizontal between the points 3, 15 is also drawn, as shown in FIG. 18 .It is to be appreciated that points 3 and 15 are disposed on a perimeterof the face and point 34 is approximately disposed at a tip of the nose.It is further to be appreciated that points 1 through 17 define aportion of the perimeter of the face and points 32 through 36 define alower portion of the nose. In some face shapes, when pitch is zero,these two lines 1802 and 1804 should be completely parallel to eachother. And as the face moves up and down, the tip of the nose moves andthe pitch angle between line 3,34,15 and line 3, 15 can be calculated.However, in most of faces due to their facial architecture, the initialangle at zero pitch may not be zero and the initial angle needs to benormalized.

So when a patient's head is rested on a head holder with zero pitch andan input device such as keyboard 1110 is activated, the systemcalculates a pitch normalization delta value (also known as the baseline pitch delta as shown in FIG. 19 ) and calculates a reshuffled pointinstead of 34, (for example, slightly above point 34 in most cases). Letus call this shifted point as 34′. Now the angle between 3-34′-15 and3-15 may provide the pitch angle for any face just by using a 2D camera.

Pitch cannot directly be calculated using a camera because pitch is inthe depth direction. To resolve this problem, the pitch is adjusted ornormalized. It can be seen that when one moves their head in pitchdirection, point 34 will move more as compared to point 3 and 15. Thusthe angle drawn between point 3, 34 and 15 should change if pitchchanges. This angle is not necessarily zero when the pitch is zero.That's why the operator needs to rest the patient's head on a headholder when the operator believes, or knows, the pitch is at zero andpresses a button P on the keyboard to record it. Once the button P ispressed there is a shift in Y coordinate of point 34 calculated as Pitchnorm delta is the value P34(y)−(P3(y)+P15(y))/2 calculated at that frameat which the operator recorded the zero pitch. By subtracting thisquantity from P34(y), the angle drawn to zero is normalized. Referringto FIG. 19 , line 1804 is normalized by shifting upwards by the baseline pitch delta value. The pitch angle may be calculated as the anglebetween line 1804 and 1802-1 or 1802-2.

It is to be appreciated that these lines will be used in further stepsto assist in moving the head to any desired positioning with or withoutheadgear. For example, the lines are used to control rotations indifferent directions such as Screen Vertical Line 1 and Facial VerticalLine 2 to control Yaw; Upper Screen Horizontal Line 4 and Upper FacialHorizontal Line 3 to control Roll; Lower Screen Horizontal Line 5 andLower Facial Horizontal Line 6 forming Pitch Line to control Pitch,where

-   -   Rotation around the Z-axis (sagittal) is called roll.    -   Rotation around the X-axis is called pitch.    -   Rotation around the vertical Y-axis is called yaw.        The operator will be able to adjust the height of the Upper        Screen Horizontal Line 5 (if required) by shifting the line        upward or downward.

In one example, as shown in FIG. 5 , the system and method of thepresent disclosure may be used to align a human head in a 90 degreealignment with the imaging device. As shown in FIG. 5 , the defaultpitch line 24 is broken into two segments since the head is not alignedaccording to the prerecorded pitch. The subject is then instructed tomove their head until the pitch lines 24 are coincided with zero pitchline 23. Additionally, once a head is repositioned, the system andmethod may be employed to ensure that the head is at zero pitch, forexample, as shown in FIG. 8 . In FIG. 8 , the pitch line 37 is parallelto line 36 and perpendicular to vertical line 35.

Furthermore, the coordinates of a particular position may be stored toreposition the head in the same position at a later time. For example,in FIG. 8 , the coordinates for the position shown may be stored asyaw:1, ro11:123.17 and pitch:0 at a first point in time (e.g., at aninitial visit to a doctor). Then, later at a second point in time (e.g.,a subsequent visit to a doctor), the head may be repositioned to theexact coordinates by retrieving the coordinates and displaying theretrieve coordinates on a display device. The patient may then beinstructed by an operator to move their head until the head aligns withthe stored positions. In one embodiment, the recorded lines may bedisplayed on the display device. Next, the system will generate thefacial lines based on the identified facial points. As the facial linesapproach the recorded lines, the system may produce a sound with a pitchthat changes as the lines converge and then give an indication when thelines match.

In one embodiment, the system 1100 may include multiple imaging devicesarranged in a variety of ways. For example, the imaging device may bearranged in a circular manner around the head to capture the movement ofthe head in 360 degrees relative to a starting or initial position. Inthis embodiment, as long as the image of the face is within a frame ofthe imaging device the particular imaging device will be active. As thesubject rotates their head, an adjacent imaging device will becomeactive when the imaging device detects that the face is within a frameof that particular imaging device. It is to be appreciated that themultiple imaging devices may be arranged in any manner to capture a fullrange of motion of the subject, for example, multiple imaging devicesarranged in a spherical relationship.

Now, a method of controlling movement of a human head in respect to thelines to register head's positioning for Headgear Sensor positioningwith minimal distortion and to avoid any error in repositioning will bedescribed. Referring to FIG. 2 , the operator coincides Screen VerticalLine 1 and Facial Vertical Line 2 to form one single line, the SingleVertical Line 7, and coincides Upper Screen Horizontal Line 4 and UpperFacial Horizontal Line 3 to form one single line, the Upper SingleHorizontal Line 8, and, the operator coincides Lower Screen HorizontalLine 5 and Lower Facial Horizontal Line 6 to form Lower SingleHorizontal Line 9. Next, satisfy pitch position angle of the head withacceptable to the operator means (either with help of electronic sensorsaffixed on the headgear with the help of a facial clamp, pixel data, orotherwise) and provide an input the computing device 1106 to Record ZeroPitch Angle and create the Default Pitch Line 9 once the head's pitch issatisfactory. Once the Default Pitch Line 9 is recorded, the DefaultPitch Line 9 coincides with Lower Single Horizontal Line, and at therepeat position, must coincide the same way in a pure linear fashion. Atthis time the operator is ready to position the headgear according tothe rules, which will be described below in relation to FIG. 7 .

Headgear's Reinsertion and Rules

The Upper Single Horizontal Line 8 positioning on the forehead is knownwhen a headgear is inserted, or reinserted, on a human head. This is theline where Headgear Edge 11 has to be coincided. The Alpha Value isspecific for each individual and is one among at least two necessarycomponents for positioning and repositioning of the headgear sensordevice with the purpose of defining the border for the headgear. TheAlpha value can be changed (i.e., moved) up or down for convenience incase if positioning of the headgear 1104 needs to be positioned in amore convenient location. That is, an operator may enter the alpha valueto move Upper Single Horizontal Line 8 up or down on the display devicein relation to the face, and then, the head gear is positioned on thehead so the edge 11 of the head gear coincides with the Upper SingleHorizontal Line 8. The Center of the Headgear 10 must be coincided withthe Single Vertical Line 7.

The head is positioned in the head holder 1105 in front of the imagingdevice 1102. Where the lower jaw is fully engaged within the HeadHolder's Horizontal Shelf 12 on the Chin Rest 13. Once the head isplaced on the Horizontal Shelf 12 of the Head Holder 1105, the faceimage will appear on display device 1108 as shown in FIG. 5 . As shownin FIG. 5 , all of the following lines are to be realigned: Upper FacialHorizontal Line 21, Upper Screen Horizontal Line 22, Lower ScreenHorizontal Line 23, Zero Pitch Angle/Default Pitch Line 24, ScreenVertical Line 25 and 26 is Facial Vertical Line 26.

Next, the person is instructed to move his head such that on thecomputer screen the Single Vertical Line 27, Single Screen HorizontalLine 28 and Lower Facial Horizontal Line 29 coincided together with theoriginal Default Pitch Line with the Zero Pitch Angle recorded prior.The facial markings help to follow the face to this prior recordeddefault position with the facial lines which must coincide according tothe rules to reposition the face, and, as a consequence, head into itsoriginal position, as shown in FIG. 6 .

When all screen lines are as above, the Headgear is positioned on thehead and the Headgear Edge 11 is aligned with the Single Horizontal Line32 and Headgear Center 10 is aligned with the Single Vertical Line 30,while Zero Pitch Angle Line coincides with Default Pitch Line 33, asshown in FIG. 7 . At this time, the headgear 1105 can be locked inplace.

Since the Alpha or control value may adjust the Upper (both Screen andFacial) Horizontal Line 8 up and/or down, any headgear, or facialsystem, can be used to be synchronized to the system of the presentdisclosure and enabling the method and system of the present disclosureto be very cost effective and universal.

The method described herein is used when precise and controlled head'spositioning with or without positioning sensors is necessary, forexample, during bloodless stereotactic brain surgery treatments, orduring imaging procedures requiring certain precise positioning. It isfar more precise than a mechanical clamp method because conventionalmechanical clamp systems do not compensate for minute movement of thehead and therefore the method of the present disclosure is more safer,predictable and controllable. The method also can be used to controlobject positioning for the purpose to control angular image distortionin any type of images of head and neck using the identified lines, orwith a help of a headgear positioned as described with an electronic3-axial sensor which would control roll, yaw and pitch.

Correct Lateral Movement to the Left Before Mouth Opening

In the neck, Lateral Side Bent Open Mouth view images are utilized forthe purposes to assess damages to Cervicocranial supportive ligamentsand, for example, to diagnose instability in the Cervicocranium. As theAtlanto-Axial joint is a pure rotational joint, any rotation in thatjoint during an imaging procedure would be translated with some degreeof image angular distortion. Utilizing the method of the presentdisclosure respective to the open mouth imaging with lateral side bendopen mouth view, the Default Pitch Line 37 must be kept parallel to theUpper Facial Horizontal Line 36, and angle between Facial Vertical Line35 and Default Pitch Line 37 and Upper Facial Horizontal Line 36 must bekept strictly at 90 Degrees, as shown in FIG. 8 . Open Mouth LateralSide Bent Neck Image positions are very difficult to control especiallywhen precise Cervicocranial images are to be taken with control ofrotations in the C1/C2 vertebrae joint. If these rotations areintroduced into the imaging because of lack of controlled positioning,different multiple outcomes may be seen on the images. Moreover, everyimage taken of the Cervicocranium on the same patient withoutpositioning control will be different. As well, control of the Pitch isimportant because the image of the Palatal Shelf and Occiput can overlapon the image of C1-C2 vertebrae during open mouth views. Preciserepositioning of the patient to retake the images of the Cervicocraniumto assess treatment, or progress of a disease can also be done with theuse of the method of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 9 , to correct for lateral movement to the right sidebefore opening the mouth, the Default Pitch Line 41 must be keptparallel to the Upper Facial Horizontal Line 39, and the angle betweenFacial Vertical Line 43 and Default Pitch Line 41 and Upper FacialHorizontal Line 39 must be kept strictly at 90 degrees.

Referring to FIG. 10 , pitch deviation relative to FIG. 9 can be seen bynoting the Default Pitch Line 48 is not parallel to the Upper FacialHorizontal Line 46. Additionally, the angles between Facial VerticalLine 49 and Default Pitch Line 48 are not at 90 degrees and DefaultPitch Line 48 and Upper Facial Horizontal Line 46 are not parallel. Forthe deviation to be corrected, the operator would need to instruct thesubject to move his head until the Default Pitch Line 48 is parallel toUpper Facial Horizontal Line 46, and the Default Pitch Line 48 isperpendicular to Facial Vertical Line 49.

The method of the present disclosure may be utilized for controllablemovement of the head side to side without any headgear or sensors, seeFIGS. 8-10 which do not show the headgear. The significance of FIGS.8-10 is that the method does not need any additional hardware forcontrollable positioning for the purpose of diagnostic imagingprocedures of the Atlanto-Axial Joint in Cervicocranial side bendingopen mouth images. Cervicocranium is the area extending from Occiput, C1and C2 and is considered the most difficult area to be imaged andanalyzed, and that is why lateral bending positioning with open mouthviews to diagnose injuries, for example, are significantlyunderutilized. Therefore, diagnostic radiology is presently verylimited. The method of the present disclosure is a problem-solvingmethod for medical diagnostic imaging in this anatomy.

Another significance is that stereotactic surgery can be performedwithout headgear positioning sensors. As described in relation to FIGS.13 and 14 , pixel data is precise enough to position the head in thedesired positioning. Imaging of brain is a complex procedure whichrequires a lot of electronic and electrical equipment. All electronicand electrical equipment create a magnetic field which will distortother closely located 3 axial positioning sensors. The use of pixel datato position the head according to the facial markings is a significantstep to avoid the use of positioning electronics which may malfunctionin, or around a magnetic field of MRI, CT, PET or X-ray equipment, orelectrical wiring.

Flexion and Extension, Side Bending diagnostic imaging of the neck canalso be performed without sensors based on the facial lines, or with theheadgear sensors which are positioned as described.

Programming Secondary Sensors

Once the Roll, Yaw and Default Pitch Line Angle position is establishedand recorded, as shown in FIG. 6 , the data can be transferred to anyother sensor as many times as needed as long as the face is positionedwithin the original computer frame. This position may be duplicated, ortransferred to another sensor anywhere in the body and use this positionfurther when any angular controlled positioning is required.

For example, an intraoral sensor fork with a moldable dental impressionmaterial can be inserted into the patient's mouth and the patient wouldclose his mouth on the sensor fork with the material. The material ismolded around the teeth to create interlocking while the VinylPolysiloxane Impression (VPS) dental material sets creating customizedfork on teeth. The fork has an electronic 3-axial sensor on the outsideof the mouth rigidly attached on the fork. Programming of the sensor isdone at the moment when the Default Pitch Line Angle position isrecorded. Alternatively, these coordinates may be used, or transferredwith a Bluetooth™ connection to a sensor located on the spine if we wantto control a pure orthogonal patient's positioning during an imaging ofspine. Multitude of use is endless.

Additionally, if the positioning of the face and anatomical topographyof other organs or other portions of the body are known, these otherorgans or portions may be positioned without secondary sensors. In thisembodiment, the method establishes a coordinate relationship between theface and at least one other portion of the body (e.g., an organ) andpositions the at least one other portion of the body to a predeterminedposition by repositioning the human head and/or face. For example, it isknown that lateral orthogonal imaging of the spine is perpendicular tothe anterior (frontal) orthogonal imaging of the face. If we programfacial orthogonal positioning towards the unit with a camera device, orunit representing a camera device, then, lateral orthogonal imaging ofthe spine will be the positioning minus 90 degree to the facialpositioning. We just rotate the patient 90 degrees towards the imagingsource that is located 90 degree opposite to the imaging device with acamera imaging orthogonal positioning of the face. With programming thesecondary devices, we need to know anatomical relationship of the humanface towards the anatomy. As an example, lateral orthogonal images ofspine are taken perpendicular to the face. With secondary sensors, themethod and system of the present disclosure can image anything in anycontrolled positioning and reposition that part of the body in the samepositioning at a later time. As another example, we know the exactlocation of the face towards the camera device, and we have a locationsensor on a wrist programmed at the time when we have saved the pitchangle data. That wrist sensor has XYZ coordinates saved in relation tothe facial location. We can position the wrist into the same XYZcoordinates provided that the wrist sensor can be relocated preciselywith, or on the wrist. This is the law of relativity.

The Alfa or control value is a unique control value for each individualface that works without respect to the distance between the face and theimage capture device, e.g., a camera device. Therefore, during repeatingpositioning of the headgear device, e.g., headgear device 1104, the Alfavalue will allow positioning of the headgear to the exact same locationit was positioned first time without regard to the distance between theface and the image capture or camera device.

Another use for the system and method of the present disclosure is foraiming purposes in the air force during “dog fighting”, or in videogames, for diagnostic measurement of neck range of motion devices, orgames that promote neck physical exercises and mobility.

The devices, systems and methods of the present disclosure may beemployed for the following use cases: positioning of human body with acertain positioning next to a computer for proper posture; physicalmedicine and rehabilitation testing for range of motion of neckmeasurement; physical exercises and games; various Cervicocranial,cervical and spinal imaging that requires control of positioning;control of head's positioning during diagnosis and treatment of brainlesions with use of stereotactic brain surgery; aiming devices used in amilitary; positioning of the patient before and during various imagingof head, neck and spine when control of image angular distortion isimportant, or with use of certain positioning protocols.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating physical components of acomputing device 1106, for example, a client computing device, a server,or any other computing device, with which examples of the presentdisclosure may be practiced. In a basic configuration, the computingdevice 1106 may include at least one processing unit 1204 and a systemmemory 1206. Depending on the configuration and type of computingdevice, the system memory 1206 may comprise, but is not limited to,volatile storage (e.g., random access memory), non-volatile storage(e.g., read-only memory), flash memory, or any combination of suchmemories. The system memory 1206 may include an operating system 1207and one or more program modules 1208 suitable for running softwareprograms/modules 1220 such as 10 manager 1224, other utility 1226 andapplication 1228. As examples, system memory 1206 may store instructionsfor execution. Other examples of system memory 1206 may store dataassociated with applications. The operating system 1207, for example,may be suitable for controlling the operation of the computing device1106. Furthermore, examples of the present disclosure may be practicedin conjunction with a graphics library, other operating systems, or anyother application program and is not limited to any particularapplication or system. This basic configuration is illustrated in FIG.12 by those components within a dashed line 1222. The computing device1106 may have additional features or functionality. For example, thecomputing device 1106 may also include additional data storage devices(removable and/or non-removable) such as, for example, magnetic disks,optical disks, or tape. Such additional storage is illustrated in FIG.12 by a removable storage device 1209 and a non-removable storage device1210.

As stated above, a number of program modules and data files may bestored in the system memory 1206. While executing on the processing unit1204, program modules 1208 (e.g., Input/Output (I/O) manager 1224, otherutility 1226 and application 1228) may perform processes including, butnot limited to, one or more of the stages of the operations describedthroughout this disclosure. For example, one such application 1228 mayimplement the facial recognition software described in relation to FIGS.1-10 and the facial points mapping software described in relation toFIGS. 13-14 . Other program modules that may be used in accordance withexamples of the present disclosure may include electronic mail andcontacts applications, word processing applications, spreadsheetapplications, database applications, slide presentation applications,drawing or computer-aided application programs, photo editingapplications, authoring applications, etc. It is to be appreciated thatseveral modules or applications 1228 may be execute simultaneously ornear simultaneously and may share data.

Furthermore, examples of the present disclosure may be practiced in anelectrical circuit comprising discrete electronic elements, packaged orintegrated electronic chips containing logic gates, a circuit utilizinga microprocessor, or on a single chip containing electronic elements ormicroprocessors. For example, examples of the present disclosure may bepracticed via a system-on-a-chip (SOC) where each or many of thecomponents illustrated in FIG. 12 may be integrated onto a singleintegrated circuit. Such an SOC device may include one or moreprocessing units, graphics units, communications units, systemvirtualization units and various application functionality all of whichare integrated (or “burned”) onto the chip substrate as a singleintegrated circuit. When operating via an SOC, the functionalitydescribed herein may be operated via application-specific logicintegrated with other components of the computing device 1106 on thesingle integrated circuit (chip). Examples of the present disclosure mayalso be practiced using other technologies capable of performing logicaloperations such as, for example, AND, OR, and NOT, including but notlimited to mechanical, optical, fluidic, and quantum technologies. Inaddition, examples of the present disclosure may be practiced within ageneral purpose computer or in any other circuits or systems.

The computing device 1106 may also have one or more input device(s) 1212such as a keyboard, a mouse, a pen, a sound input device, a device forvoice input/recognition, a touch input device, etc. The output device(s)1214 such as a display, speakers, a printer, etc. may also be included.The aforementioned devices are examples and others may be used. Thecomputing device 1106 may include one or more communication connections1216 allowing communications with other computing devices 918 (e.g.,external servers) and/or other devices of the positioning system such asimaging device 1102, headgear sensor system 1104 and head holder 1105.Examples of suitable communication connections 1216 include, but are notlimited to, a network interface card; RF transmitter, receiver, and/ortransceiver circuitry; universal serial bus (USB), parallel, and/orserial ports; and/or wireless transceiver operating in accordance with,but not limited to, WIFI protocol, Bluetooth protocol, mesh-enabledprotocol, etc.

The term computer readable media as used herein may include computerstorage media. Computer storage media may include volatile andnonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any methodor technology for storage of information, such as computer readableinstructions, data structures, or program modules. The system memory1206, the removable storage device 1209, and the non-removable storagedevice 1210 are all computer storage media examples (i.e., memorystorage.) Computer storage media may include RAM, ROM, electricallyerasable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memorytechnology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other opticalstorage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage orother magnetic storage devices, or any other article of manufacturewhich can be used to store information and which can be accessed by thecomputing device 1202. Any such computer storage media may be part ofthe computing device 1202. Computer storage media does not include acarrier wave or other propagated or modulated data signal.

Communication media may be embodied by computer readable instructions,data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated datasignal, such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, andincludes any information delivery media. The term “modulated datasignal” may describe a signal that has one or more characteristics setor changed in such a manner as to encode information in the signal. Byway of example, and not limitation, communication media may includewired media such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, andwireless media such as acoustic, radio frequency (RF), infrared, andother wireless media.

It is to be appreciated that the various features shown and describedare interchangeable, that is a feature shown in one embodiment may beincorporated into another embodiment. It is further to be appreciatedthat the methods, functions, algorithms, etc. described above may beimplemented by any single device and/or combinations of devices forminga system, including but not limited to meters, IEDs, servers, storagedevices, processors, memories, FPGAs, DSPs, etc.

While non-limiting embodiments are disclosed herein, many variations arepossible which remain within the concept and scope of the presentdisclosure. Such variations would become clear to one of ordinary skillin the art after inspection of the specification, drawings and claimsherein. The present disclosure therefore is not to be restricted exceptwithin the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Furthermore, although the foregoing text sets forth a detaileddescription of numerous embodiments, it should be understood that thelegal scope of the present disclosure is defined by the words of theclaims set forth at the end of this patent. The detailed description isto be construed as exemplary only and does not describe every possibleembodiment, as describing every possible embodiment would beimpractical, if not impossible. One may implement numerous alternateembodiments, using either current technology or technology developedafter the filing date of this patent, which would still fall within thescope of the claims.

It should also be understood that, unless a term is expressly defined inthis patent using the sentence “As used herein, the term ‘ ’ is herebydefined to mean . . . ” or a similar sentence, there is no intent tolimit the meaning of that term, either expressly or by implication,beyond its plain or ordinary meaning, and such term should not beinterpreted to be limited in scope based on any statement made in anysection of this patent (other than the language of the claims). To theextent that any term recited in the claims at the end of this patent isreferred to in this patent in a manner consistent with a single meaning,that is done for sake of clarity only so as to not confuse the reader,and it is not intended that such claim term be limited, by implicationor otherwise, to that single meaning. Finally, unless a claim element isdefined by reciting the word “means” and a function without the recitalof any structure, it is not intended that the scope of any claim elementbe interpreted based on the application of 35 U.S.C. § 112, sixthparagraph.

1. A method comprising: imaging a face of a human head with at least oneimaging device; generating at least one vertical facial line and atleast two horizontal facial lines to be disposed on the image of theface, the at least one vertical facial line and the at least twohorizontal facial lines based on facial markings of the face; aligningthe human head such that the at least one vertical facial line isaligned with a generated vertical screen line and each of the at leasttwo horizontal facial lines are aligned with a generated horizontalscreen line; storing the alignment as a baseline; and repositioning thehuman head to a desired position.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein thegenerating at least one vertical facial line and at least two horizontalfacial lines includes identifying the facial markings on the human headusing at least one facial recognition application as key points, andconnecting the key points to draw the at least one vertical facial lineand at least two horizontal facial lines.
 3. The method of claim 2,wherein the at least one facial recognition application includes aconvolutional neural network.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein thegenerated vertical and horizontal screen lines represent a 90 degreesface to imaging device location.
 5. The method of claim 4, wherein alower line of the aligned at least two horizontal facial lines andgenerated horizontal screen lines is stored as a default pitch line. 6.The method of claim 5, wherein the default pitch line is broken into twosegments at the at least one vertical facial line.
 7. The method ofclaim 6, wherein the aligning the human head includes aligning the twosegments of the default pitch line to be parallel to an upper line ofthe two horizontal facial lines.
 8. The method of claim 5, wherein thedefault pitch line is normalized to compensate for differences of facialarchitecture of the human head.
 9. The method of claim 7, wherein eachsegment of the two segments of the default pitch line is drawnconnecting identified facial markings disposed at a tip of a nose of theface and at least one point on a perimeter of the face.
 10. The methodof claim 2, wherein the at least one vertical facial line is drawnconnecting identified facial markings disposed vertically along a centerof a nose of the face.
 11. The method of claim 10, wherein a yaw angleof the human head is determined from the at least one vertical facialline and the generated vertical screen line.
 12. The method of claim 2,wherein an upper of the at least two horizontal facial lines is drawnconnecting identified facial markings disposed at opposite ends of abrow line of the face.
 13. The method of claim 12, wherein a roll angleof the human head is determined from the upper of the at least twohorizontal facial lines and the generated horizontal screen line. 14.The method of claim 1, further comprising storing coordinates associatedto the alignment of the repositioned human head at a first point in timeand repositioning the human head according to the stored coordinates ata second point in time.
 15. The method of claim 1, further comprising:disposing a head gear on the human head, the head gear including acenter marking indicating the center of the head gear and an edgemarking; aligning the center marking of the head gear to the least onealigned vertical line; aligning the edge marking of the head gear to atleast one of the aligned horizontal lines; and storing the alignment ofthe head gear to the human head.
 16. The method of claim 15, furthercomprising: repositioning the head gear on the human head; and aligningthe at least one of the aligned horizontal lines to the edge marking ofthe head gear by entering a control value to shift the at least one ofthe aligned horizontal lines, wherein the repositioned head gear matchesthe stored alignment without regard to a distance between the face andimaging device.
 17. The method of claim 1, further comprising storingcoordinates associated to the alignment of the repositioned human headat a first point in time and transferring the stored coordinates to atleast one sensor coupled to at least one body part.
 18. The method ofclaim 1, further comprising: establishing a coordinate relationshipbetween the face and at least one other portion of the body; andpositioning the at least one other portion of the body to apredetermined position by repositioning the human head.
 19. A systemcomprising: at least one imaging device that images a face of a humanhead; at least one processing device that generates at least onevertical facial line and at least two horizontal facial lines to bedisposed on the image of the face via a display device, the at least onevertical facial line and the at least two horizontal facial lines basedon facial markings of the face; the display device that enablesalignment of the human head such that the at least one vertical facialline is aligned with a generated vertical screen line and each of the atleast two horizontal facial lines are aligned with a generatedhorizontal screen line; and at least one memory that stores thealignment as a baseline, wherein upon repositioning the human head to adesired position, the at least one processing device continuouslyupdates the at least one vertical facial line and the at least twohorizontal facial lines based on facial markings of the face.
 20. Thesystem of claim 19, wherein the at least one processing device executesat least one facial recognition function for identifying the facialmarkings on the face as key points and connects the key points to drawthe at least one vertical facial line and the at least two horizontalfacial lines.
 21. The system of claim 20, wherein the at least onefacial recognition function includes a convolutional neural network. 22.The system of claim 19, further comprising a head gear configured to bedisposed on the human head, the head gear including a center markingindicating the center of the head gear and an edge marking, wherein thedisplay device enables alignment of the center marking of the head gearto the least one aligned vertical line and alignment of the edge markingof the head gear to at least one of the aligned horizontal lines; andupon alignment, the at least one processing device stores the alignmentof the head gear to the human head in the at least one memory device.23. The method of claim 4, wherein the repositioning the human head to adesired position includes laterally rotating the human head around thesagittal axis of rotation to at least one side, the method furthercomprising: realigning the human head at the desired position such thatthe default pitch line is represented by a continuous line and isparallel to an upper line of the at least two horizontal facial linesand the default pitch line and the upper horizontal facial line areperpendicular to the at least one vertical facial line, whereby an imagetaken at the desired position has no angular distortion relative animage taken at the baseline position.
 24. The method of claim 23,wherein the default pitch line is broken into two segments at the atleast one vertical facial line, each segment of the two segments of thedefault pitch line is drawn connecting identified facial markingsdisposed on a nose and at least one point on a perimeter of the face 25.The method of claim 24, wherein the realigning the human head includesaligning the two segments of the default pitch line to be parallel tothe upper horizontal facial line.
 26. The method of claim 23, whereinthe human head is rotated around the sagittal axis of rotation aroundthe tip of the nose.
 27. The method of claim 6, wherein a pitch angle isdetermined as the angle between the default pitch line and one of thetwo segments.